Women's diseases: causes, symptoms, types. Women's diseases: causes, symptoms, types Tests for women after 60 years

A woman’s health after 60 years requires attention and responsibility. Age-related diseases and various problems appear, well-being and appearance worsen, but this is not at all a reason to withdraw into yourself and grieve over your lost youth. After retirement, you should pay more attention to your loved one, monitor your health and follow all the doctor’s recommendations. Then this period will not be overshadowed by any significant problems. So, after 60 years?

Proper nutrition

Women's health after 60 years largely depends on proper nutrition and movement. The set of tools for healthy eating has not changed in any way for many years, but many still snack on hamburgers and abuse flour. It's time to be more careful about your diet. The recommendations below can be safely used if you are not prescribed any special diet. Otherwise, you should first listen to the advice of a gastroenterologist, nutritionist or therapist.

It is advisable to drink clean water more often. Unlike coffee and soda, water does not leach calcium from your bones. You should start the day with a glass of water on an empty stomach; you should drink water fifteen minutes before a meal and another hour after it. This advice applies not only to women over 60 years old; this habit will be useful to all representatives of the fairer sex.

It is worth eating less fried, spicy, smoked and salted foods, less meat and more fish. In general, it is advisable to reduce the consumption of meat products to a minimum, giving preference to poultry or dietary beef. You need to eat often, but in small portions. Vegetables, fruits and dried fruits have a good effect on health. It is advisable to include low-fat cottage cheese, cheeses, cream, yogurt, cabbage, nuts, sardines and salmon in your diet.

Every day you need to drink a teaspoon of flax oil, and you can add it to various dishes: salads, cereals or soups. This product has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the thyroid gland. You also need to know that salt and sugar remove calcium from the body, which is so necessary for bones in adulthood. You need to be careful with the use of these additives. It is better to drink tea without sugar (or replace it with natural honey), and add minimal salt to food.

Many women sigh sadly and stop taking care of themselves when wrinkles and signs of fading become more and more clearly visible in the mirror. But this is a very big mistake, because you need to continue to take care of your skin. This way she will look better and shine from the inside.

Creams should be chosen marked 60+. The composition should contain substances that increase skin elasticity and smooth out wrinkles, components that regenerate cells, lightening substances that protect the skin from harmful solar radiation. It is necessary to apply the cream to the neck and décolleté area.

To maintain skin tone, you should take a contrast shower daily. You can wipe your face with an ice cube from brewed herbal tea every morning. It is useful to make such a compress for the face and neck. After washing, dip a small towel in hot water, wring it out and apply it to your face and neck for two to three minutes. Then wet the towel with cold water and apply it to your face and neck. Repeat this several times in a row. Instead of plain water, you can use infusions of medicinal herbs, such as chamomile and linden.

Here is a recipe for an excellent scrub that is suitable for aging skin. You need to grind oatmeal in a coffee grinder, mix it with low-fat kefir and wipe your face with this mixture several times. The skin will immediately become noticeably younger, smoother and fresher. The following masks are suitable for mature skin:

1. Mix oil (preferably olive oil), honey and cottage cheese in a ceramic or glass container until smooth. Apply to face and neck for twenty minutes.
2. Apply kefir or natural yogurt without additives to the face, neck, décolleté, wait 15 minutes. You can cover yourself with a damp, warm towel.
3. Mash banana and apricots with a fork, mix with fresh cream, apply evenly to face and neck. Keep the mask on for twenty minutes, then rinse with warm water.
4. Beat a tablespoon of oatmeal or corn flour and one egg white well with a mixer or whisk. Spread the mixture evenly over the skin and leave for twenty minutes. You need to rinse off carefully, without stretching the skin: first with a damp cotton pad, then wash with slightly warm water and rinse your face with cool water.

Sports and physical activity

An active lifestyle is the best prevention of osteoporosis, and sport also activates the body’s metabolism and improves the functioning of the ankle, knee and hip joints. After 60 years, the layer of subcutaneous fat decreases, but internal fat deposition increases, which is very detrimental to all organs and systems of the body.

If you exclude sports, then by the age of seventy only half of the total muscle volume will remain, that is, any physical activity will be very heavy. But muscle weakness does not threaten if, at the age of 60, you do gymnastics for at least half an hour a day. Beginners can go to the pool four or five times a week, but experienced athletes can even use strength training. True, you will have to give up dumbbells and barbells. This way you can maintain overall tone, avoid harm to bones and train your heart. It is good at this age to exercise under the guidance of an experienced trainer who will accurately determine the load standards.

During sports, endorphin is synthesized - the hormone of happiness, which is a powerful stimulator of the immune system. But serotonin, the main hormone that regulates a person’s psychological state and mood, can be obtained from figs, dates, walnuts, pumpkin seeds, hard cheese, sesame seeds, bananas, pears, and almonds. After training, it is especially useful to eat cottage cheese with banana.

Hormonal background

After fifty years, hormonal levels change. The menopausal period increases susceptibility to various diseases and generally worsens health. Blood pressure rises, hot flashes add discomfort, a feeling of dryness and unpleasant irritation in the vagina appears. If menopause worries you very much, then you should definitely consult a gynecologist so that the doctor can prescribe hormone replacement therapy with estrogen.

True, many women after 60 years of age do not want to take pills, while others cannot afford quite expensive therapy, so replacement with phytoestrogens is suitable. Plant estrogens are found in soy, potatoes, cherries, ginger, licorice, and raspberries. Consuming these products in sufficient quantities will allow you to forget about a variety of problems that often arise during menopause.

Sex life

Health after 60 years allows you to make love, especially since sex definitely prolongs life. But it's a matter of desire. For men, sexual desire peaks at age 25 and declines thereafter. In women, desire grows more slowly, reaching its highest point at the age of 35-40. After retirement, a woman often discovers completely new desires for herself, and it’s good if there is a spouse or lover nearby with a similar temperament.

Sexologists remind older couples to use extra lubricant. The act of love, due to age-related decrease in sensitivity, can last up to an hour or two, and the mucous membranes become drier, so sex can be painful. In addition, during sexual intercourse, the pulse increases, blood pressure increases and the risk of cardiac arrest increases, so you need to be careful.

Older people are advised to spend more time with their partner, do something together and go somewhere. Common experiences bring people together. And sexologists also say that older people are happier than young people. I already have housing, some income, I don’t need to make a career, and my children are grown. All that remains is to take care of yourself and be happy.

Attitude to life

The health of women after 60 years of age greatly depends on their psychological state. Gradually withering and loss of loved ones This is difficult to accept and come to terms with, but you definitely don’t need to withdraw into yourself and accumulate negativity. It is important to have someone with you at all times during this long period. The feeling of loneliness will pass over time, you just need to talk openly about your experiences and worries, especially with those people who have also lost relatives, friends or loved ones.

Attention must be paid to the duration of such a crisis. If anxiety and devastation have been constant companions for more than six months, then you should consult a psychologist to cure hidden depression. Such long-term experiences will not help maintain a woman’s health after 60 years. But when emerging from a crisis, you can always expect a positive result from rethinking your life.

What tests to take

How can a woman stay healthy after 60? You need to regularly visit a medical facility and undergo a comprehensive diagnosis of all organs and systems. The therapist will definitely prescribe a general blood test, and will give other recommendations and referrals for additional tests or to specialists after receiving the results.

Sugar norm

The risk of diabetes in women over 60 years of age increases due to decreased glucose tolerance. After fifty, for every subsequent ten years, the fasting blood sugar level increases by 0.055 mmol/l, and the glucose concentration two hours after eating increases by 0.5 mmol/l. The normal blood sugar level for women over 60 years of age ranges from 4.6 to 6.4 mmol/l. Deviations from the norm can lead to very serious consequences: diabetes, accelerated metabolism, heart and kidney diseases, stomach diseases, and so on.

Cholesterol norm

In women after 60 years, i.e. after the onset of menopause, cholesterol begins to rise, and before that the level remains stable. Cholesterol is an important but also dangerous part of the human body. Without “fatty alcohol,” vitamin D would not be produced, the digestive system would not function, and hormones responsible for reproductive function would not be synthesized. after 60 years - 4.4-7.70 mmol/l, LDL cholesterol - 2.60-5.80 mmol/l, HDL cholesterol - 0.97-2.40 mmol/l.

Arterial pressure

This is one of the most important indicators of health. The norm changes with age, but it should be noted that about 80% of older people do not suffer from blood pressure abnormalities. The causes of high or low blood pressure are a sedentary lifestyle, lack of exercise or excessive exercise. Pressure changes are indicated by dizziness and general malaise. In women over 60 years of age, the pressure is most often fixed at approximately 144/85, but there are cases when the indicator corresponds to the norm for a healthy person - 120/80.

ROE norm

This type of analysis is used in the diagnosis of infectious inflammation and autoimmune diseases, including oncology. ESR is an abbreviation for “erythrocyte sedimentation reaction”; doctors also call this test ESR. The norm is from two to fifteen mm/hour. Some foreign experts from Western medical institutions and institutes consider the norm to be from zero to twenty mm/hour.

Creatinine in blood and urine

A woman’s health after 60 years of age largely depends on proper nutrition, an active lifestyle and regular medical supervision. Therefore, it is important not only to take basic tests from time to time, but also to conduct additional studies. Errors in nutrition and too much physical activity may be indicated by deviations from the normal creatinine level.

The analysis is complex, that is, both blood and urine are taken for examination. This is the only way to see the approximate state of the body. Creatinine norms for women over 60 years of age are as follows: general norm - 50-98 µmol/l, clearance - from fifty to one hundred and ten µmol/l. The lower the muscle tone, the lower the creatinine in the blood. In urine, the normal ratio of nitrogen and creatinine is as follows: nitrogen - 6-26 mg/dl, creatinine - 0.50-1 mg/dl.

Hemoglobin norm

Hemoglobin ensures oxygen saturation of the blood. The health of a woman after 60 years of age greatly depends on this indicator. The norm in older women ranges from 11.6 to 16.2 g/dL.

TSH norm

The main task of the hormone balance regulator in the thyroid gland is to stimulate the production of biologically active substances. This is the basis of the entire hormonal system. The main function of this hormone is to regulate hormonal and reproductive activity in men and women. The norm for women over 60 years of age is considered to be from 0.40 to 4 IU/liter of thyroid-stimulating hormone.

Eye pressure

High blood pressure often causes vision problems and discomfort. For older women, the norm is considered to be a pressure of 10 to 23 mm. Minor deviations will not cause vision problems, but may affect the functioning of the eye. Your vision may be slightly blurred immediately after waking up or after a busy day, but this is normal. It should be noted that intraocular pressure standards are relative. For every woman, it can constantly change after forty years.

Age-related diseases

A woman’s health after 60 years (advice on various areas of life is given above) is greatly undermined by age-related diseases. Calcium leaching, menopause and lack of physical activity lead to an increase in osteoporosis, bone fractures become dangerous, and another common phenomenon is inconvenience - involuntary urination due to weakness of the bladder sphincter.

How to restore a woman's health after 60 years? All unpleasant phenomena are easier to prevent than to cure. Age-related diseases, unfortunately, are practically untreatable, so only supportive treatment remains possible. Therefore, it is so important to know in advance how to prevent many deviations.

Osteoporosis and bone fractures

Only physical exercise will help prevent osteoporosis. No dietary supplements, cottage cheese and milk, biocalcium or other drugs will improve the condition. Calcium simply will not be absorbed by the body, but will only be excreted naturally. Physical exercises should be done daily, gradually increasing the load. This will help make the bones strong and saturate them with sufficient calcium. Be sure to take multivitamins.

Involuntary urination

Weakness of the sphincter is a fairly common phenomenon that undermines the psychological state and health of a woman after 60 years. Advice from a specialist (urologist and gynecologist) will help prevent such a deviation. Doctors warn that older women are also prone to other unpleasant diseases of the intimate sphere, namely prolapse and prolapse of the rectum and vagina. The prevention of these phenomena is special gymnastics to strengthen the pelvic floor.

Here is a suitable set of exercises to ensure the health of a woman after 60 years (advice from gynecologists and urologists):

1. Squeeze the anal sphincter for five seconds, then relax for ten seconds. Repeat twice. With each subsequent week you need to increase the number of repetitions by one (maximum 10-15).
2. Squeeze the vaginal opening. To control, you can insert your finger not very deep into the vagina to feel the degree of compression. Squeeze for five seconds, repeat twice. Gradually increase the number of repetitions to 10-15.
3. Draw in your stomach, but not with air, but with muscles. Hold for five seconds, do two repetitions. Gradually increase the number of repetitions to 10-15 times.

Diabetes

Infections, hormonal imbalances, various diseases and lack of vitamins can lead to the development of diabetes. Unfortunately, many women ignore the symptoms of the disease during menopause, attributing everything to hormonal changes. You need to know the main signs of diabetes:

• increased sweating;
• pain in the legs and heart;
• skin problems;
• sudden weight gain or loss;
• fatigue and drowsiness;
• dry mouth;
• decreased muscle tone.

To avoid the rapid development of this disease, doctors recommend that during menopause you take a much more responsible approach to your health, regularly get tested and receive high-quality medical care. It is advisable to take multivitamins, undergo hormonal therapy and develop a balanced menu - this will allow a woman to maintain good health for a long time after 60 years.

1. Strong physical activity. Moderate daily exercise is recommended to improve blood circulation, increase muscle tone, and stimulate the functioning of all organs and systems.
2. Weight control. It is worth sticking to a balanced diet, eating food with sufficient nutrients. Obesity is a risk factor for the occurrence and development of many dangerous diseases.
3. You need to engage in feasible sports more often outside and maintain a positive frame of mind. Of course, you should visit your doctor once every 6 months.
4. Watery discharge. Any atypical discharge should be a good reason for a visit to the gynecologist. In old age, this may indicate the presence of pathologies - polyps, fibroids, cancer.

Now we know what standards are established for various indicators, how to properly monitor your health, what age-related diseases are and the most common problems in women after 60. Photos of elderly ladies enjoying life who can finally take care of themselves (and, of course, their grandchildren) , confirm that old age is not the end of life, but a new stage with its positive aspects.

Every woman over 60 is sensitive to her health. The windy youth along with stupidity are left behind, and now we have an important mission: to maintain health, so that the days pass easily, and the morning awakening does not have an unpleasant echo throughout the body.

How to eat healthy

The set of tools for proper nutrition has not changed for many years, but we still stubbornly do not eat properly and balanced. If you do not have any special diet prescribed, then here are recommendations that will put your stomach in order and help you keep your weight in a comfortable state (a nice bonus):

• To drink a lot of water. Unlike coffee and soda, mineral water does not remove calcium from the body, which is so necessary for bones. It also relieves swelling and normalizes metabolism. Start your day with a glass of water on an empty stomach. Drink water 15 minutes before meals and an hour after meals. This applies to all ladies, not only those over 60.
• Less fried meat, more fish. In general, try to reduce your meat consumption to a minimum. And give preference to poultry or beef. Fatty meat affects the normal blood counts of a 60-year-old woman.
• Drink one teaspoon of flaxseed oil every day, or add it to your food. Has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the thyroid gland.

• Salt and sugar remove calcium. Be careful with their proportions.
• Eat often, but in small portions. Vegetables, fruits and dried fruits are the best vitamin friends. A woman’s health after 60 is very dependent on nutrition.

Try to use them systematically, they will become a useful habit.

And don't forget to get tested regularly to check your cholesterol and sugar levels. Normal values ​​show that you are eating healthy and taking care of your overall health.

Not every woman intends to take care of her appearance after 65 years, and this is wrong! Look at Sofia Rotaru, Meryl Streep and Sophia Loren! Each of them is no longer twenty, but they continue to take care of themselves and look decent. At the same time, they do not “get younger.” What cosmetic tricks are there?

When choosing a cream, be sure to buy it according to your age. All age creams are like shampoos for all hair types: they will not help in any respect. Applying cream to your neck is even more important than to your face. Because it is the neck that is the first traitor for detecting old age. But beauty still reflects a woman’s health after 60 years.

The skin is no longer so elastic, so you need to activate its tone. Take a contrast shower every once in a while, wipe your face with an ice cube in the morning (ideally, the composition of the cube is green tea and mint).

A simple compress for the face and neck: wash your face, heat water with herbs, put a towel in it, and then apply it to your face and neck (two minutes). Then apply a cold towel. This scheme works great in Asian spas, and you can’t tell a young girl from an older woman! Apply compresses 2-3 times a week. A great way to maintain beauty at sixty years old.

Practice masks made from natural products. For example, nutritious (and middle-aged skin needs additional nutrition): cottage cheese, olive oil, honey. Apply to face and neck, leave for 20 minutes. The effect will not take long to appear.

A woman’s health at any period of life should include sports. And your years are no exception. Understand that with age, subcutaneous fat decreases, but internal fat, on the contrary, increases. So it's very important to move more. It's never too late to start. Walking, race walking, light jogging, swimming - all this will strengthen your bones and ensure good health.

If you can’t decide on the amount of physical activity, contact a professional. Group classes with peers and personal consultation with a trainer will help you determine the optimal amount of sports for you.

Health after 60 years also depends on psychological perception

The most important thing is to understand that every day is joy and opportunity that you need to be able to consider and use. Locking yourself in does not lead to anything good, anyone. A protracted crisis lasting six months is a problem that needs to be solved. Whether it's the loss of a loved one, disappointment or fears about the future.

There are always people nearby who are happy to spend time with you. Even if you push them away, with the right actions they will return, because these are YOUR people. Don't be afraid to reconnect with old contacts or expand your circle of acquaintances.

We hope you have figured out how to monitor your health and will take into account the recommendations on cosmetology and psychology.

If a woman at this advanced age leads an active lifestyle, exercises regularly and watches her diet, she is worthy of admiration. A woman after 60 is wise, she knows a lot, there is a lot to learn from her. Of course, there are many problems associated with old age, but everyone ages differently.

Those women who are tired of life and are sure that this life will not present them with anything new are doomed to slow extinction. But those who do not give in to problems, who fight illnesses and do not relax, always have positive emotions and good results.

Woman over 60 - advice from a nutritionist:

Proper nutrition and movement for health is the motto of women after 60 years! The female body at this age loses a lot of moisture, as well as fluid that protects the joints from abrasion. Therefore, the tissues dry out, become weaker and are more susceptible to internal and external damage, and the bones rub against each other and cause acute pain. Be sure to increase your calcium intake during this period. Include low-fat cottage cheese, yogurt, cheeses, cream, cabbage, nuts, salmon and sardines in your diet more often. Products containing a lot of calcium: hard cheeses - 1000 mg (per 100 g of product), sesame - 780 mg, parsley - 245 mg, basil - 370 mg, dill - 126 mg, milk chocolate - 240 mg, almonds - 250 mg, cabbage white cabbage – 210 mg, watercress -180 mg, beans – 194 mg, milk – 125 mg. Avoid foods that leach calcium from your bones:

- salt and sugar should be reduced to a minimum,

- avoid salty foods and canned foods,

- Replace sweet drinks and coffee with clean water.

Eat dried fruits and honey - they contain the vitamins and minerals your body needs.

Limit animal fats as much as possible, but at the same time make sure that your diet contains: high-quality protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids and enough fiber. Eat little but often. Drink enough water - this will relieve you from swelling. This diet normalizes heart function, maintains clarity of thinking, maintains muscle tone and prevents constipation, which is common at this age.

An important rule after 60 is to regularly check your cholesterol and blood sugar levels. Following these simple rules will help maintain the health and beauty of your body for a long time.

Pumpkin milk soup: cook liquid semolina porridge, grate pumpkin pulp into it, add salt and sugar to taste, butter and bring to a boil again. Delicious!

Woman over 60 – trainer’s advice:

It has been proven that with an active lifestyle in older people, the development of osteoporosis slows down, the functioning of load-bearing joints (hip, knee, ankle) improves, and metabolism in the body is activated. It is also important to know that after 60 years, subcutaneous fat deposition decreases and internal fat deposits increase, and this is detrimental to all organs and systems. Therefore, movement is necessary!

It is known that if you do not exercise, then by the age of 70-80 approximately half of your muscles will remain, which means that it will be much more difficult to perform any physical activity. But if now, at the age of 60, you devote half an hour a day to moderate physical activity, then you will not be at risk of muscle weakness. Beginners can start by swimming 4-5 times a week so as not to loosen their weak joints, and experienced ones can already use strength training during training. BUT not with dumbbells and a barbell, but due to the resistance of your body. This way you will maintain overall muscle tone without harming your bones and train your heart.

The ideal option for women over 60 to stay in shape is to exercise in a fitness room under the guidance of a trainer who will determine the loads that are acceptable for you. After all, at this age the main thing is systematic training, and not higher, further, stronger.

During exercise, the happiness hormone endorphin is produced, which is a powerful immunostimulant. And its companion, serotonin, can be obtained from foods rich in tryptophan: hard cheeses, bananas, pears, figs, dates, walnuts, almonds, pumpkin seeds, sesame seeds.

Women over 60 who regularly exercise say: “I don’t wake up at night with back pain just because I accidentally turned on my other side.” “I forgot about headaches, high blood pressure and shortness of breath.” “The quality of my life has changed for the better: I no longer want to quit my job, I put on high-heeled shoes, I have lost weight, become younger, prettier, I constantly smile and enjoy life. Life began to sparkle with all its colors again.”

After training, it is very useful to prepare yourself the following dish to nourish your muscles:

Cottage cheese with banana: Finely chop the banana, mix with cottage cheese, add honey to taste and milk to the desired thickness. Mix everything. Delicious!

Woman after 60 - advice from a psychologist:

Sooner or later, every person experiences difficult experiences from the loss of a loved one. Although this is difficult to come to terms with, you should not withdraw into yourself and accumulate negative emotions. It is important to have someone by your side during this difficult period. Talk to them about your experiences, especially those who have also lost loved ones, and the feeling of loneliness will pass over time.

Pay attention to the duration of the crisis. If it lasts more than six months, and all this time you feel anxiety and devastation, then it is better to consult a psychologist to rule out hidden depression. It should be remembered that constructive living through even a very difficult crisis, when overcoming it, always gives a positive result of rethinking life.

And most importantly, even at this age you can learn to enjoy every day of life and take advantage of all the new opportunities it brings. After all, our life is a gift from God, and we must accept it with gratitude and joy!

Woman over 60 - advice from a cosmetologist:

Choose creams with a mark of 50+ or ​​60+. The cream should contain substances that smooth out wrinkles and regenerate skin cells, lighten components (against pigmentation) and protect against ultraviolet radiation. When caring for your face, do not forget to apply the same cream to your neck, since it is your neck that betrays your age.

To keep your skin toned, you need to take a contrast shower every day. Every morning you can wipe your face with an ice cube from brewed tea.

Compress for face and neck: wash, then dip a towel in hot water and apply to your face and neck, hold for 2-3 minutes. Then wet the towel with cold water and also apply it to your face and neck, and so on several times in a row. Instead of water, you can use decoctions and infusions of herbs.

Oatmeal facial scrub: Grind oatmeal in a coffee grinder, mix with kefir and wipe your face with this mixture. The skin will become smooth, fresh, rejuvenated.

Masks for mature skin:

· Mash bananas and apricots with a fork, mix with cream, apply to face and neck, leave for 20 minutes.

· Mix cottage cheese, a little olive oil and honey, apply the mixture to the face and neck for 20 minutes.

· Beat oatmeal or corn flour (1 tbsp) and 1 egg white well, apply to face for 15-20 minutes. To wash off the mask: first moisten your face with a damp cotton swab and gently cleanse without stretching the skin, then wash with warm water and rinse with cool water.

· Apply kefir or yogurt to the face and neck and leave for 15 minutes. You can cover your face and neck with a towel soaked in warm water.

Don't forget that your beauty depends not only on cosmetics, but also on a healthy lifestyle. Contentment with life, despite any problems, positive emotions and kindness towards the people around you is the best beauty. Share your wisdom and life experiences with young women.

Useful articles:

The health of a woman after 60 years largely depends on herself. In order to stay healthy and vigorous for as long as possible, it is necessary to monitor the main indicators of the body’s activity and constantly engage in health improvement. This includes a healthy diet, an active lifestyle, weight control and, if necessary, rehabilitation courses.

Age-related changes in the female body after 60

At 60, a woman is postmenopausal. Her hot flashes and changes in blood pressure (BP) stopped, her mood stabilized, and her overall health improved. But against this background, new problems arise related to age-related changes. All problems are surmountable, you just need to be aware of them and adhere to the generally accepted recommendations of specialists for their correction.

Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis in women begins late; the most dangerous age in this regard begins after 55-60. The first signs of angina pectoris appear in the form of attacks of acute short-term pain in the heart. The condition is dangerous because blocking the access of arterial blood to the heart muscle (myocardium) can lead to necrosis of its area (myocardial infarction). And the same process in the vessels feeding brain tissue leads to the development of ischemic stroke.

Arterial hypertension

Changes in blood pressure due to hormonal changes at this age are almost no concern. Stably high blood pressure may appear - a threat of developing arterial hypertension and associated hemorrhagic strokes (bleeds in the brain).

Mineral metabolism disorders

Osteoporosis develops: bone tissue, with estrogen deficiency, intensively loses calcium. Bones become brittle and prone to fractures. A fracture of the femoral neck is especially dangerous at this age: the bones hardly heal, and many older people become disabled after this.

A lack of potassium and magnesium negatively affects the condition of the heart muscle: angina attacks intensify and heart rhythm disturbances appear.

Decreased immunity

Immunity (general and local - skin and mucous membranes) is reduced due to metabolic disorders. After 60 people are more likely to suffer from colds, and the risk of acute infections turning into chronic infectious and inflammatory processes increases. Decreased immunity also contributes to the development of tumor processes.

Degenerative-dystrophic changes in the spine and joints

Metabolic disorders lead to the destruction of cartilage tissue first, and then the bones of the spine (osteochondrosis) and joints (osteoarthrosis) are injured and destroyed. All this is accompanied by pain, first when moving, and then by other disorders. Cervical osteochondrosis, complicated by compression of the vertebral arteries carrying blood to the brain, is especially dangerous. Cervical migraine and fainting appear.

Diabetes

The disorder begins due to the fact that tissues cannot absorb glucose. Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops. If it is not compensated for, severe dehydration develops. Due to glucose deficiency, all types of metabolism and the functioning of internal organs are disrupted. The formation of new cells (including immune cells) is disrupted, and atherosclerosis progresses.

Excess body weight

Age-related changes in fat metabolism and a general slowdown in metabolic processes in women contribute to the development of obesity, which negatively affects the entire body. Maintaining a normal weight is one of the main tasks after 60.

Genitourinary organs

The problems are associated with the increasing dryness of the mucous membranes of the genitourinary organs, which causes thinning of the mucous membranes and suppression of their barrier functions: they are easily injured and do not prevent the penetration of infection. Sometimes this is accompanied by weakness of the sphincter muscles - a circular muscle that prevents involuntary urination. As a result, a woman suffers from urinary incontinence, cystitis, infectious and inflammatory processes of the external genital organs, which, with insufficient general immunity, can spread to the internal genital organs.

Thyroid dysfunction

The thyroid gland in women after 60 gradually reduces the secretion of its hormones, and a tendency to develop hypothyroidism appears. It manifests itself in increased dryness of the skin and mucous membranes, an increase in body weight and a gradual decrease in mental abilities.

How to stay healthy at 60

Health at 60 years old must be constantly maintained at the required level. In order for a woman to stop noticing her age, she needs to lead a healthy lifestyle, adhere to proper nutrition and monitor her weight and basic indicators of the functioning of the body for the timely detection of serious diseases.

The psychological attitude is also very important: you need to remember about age-related changes in your body, but you should not forget about the joys of life. An optimistic attitude helps improve the quality of life.

Regular medical examination is mandatory

Every woman over 60 years of age must undergo an annual medical examination. Medical examination includes examinations by a therapist and specialists, examination of key indicators, changes in which indicate serious disorders in the body. If you carry out medical examinations regularly, you can promptly notice small changes and correct them with the help of diet, therapeutic exercises or drug therapy. This will allow you to stay healthy for a long time.

What tests need to be taken and the norms of indicators

Some vital signs of the body are of great importance during the aging period. They give an idea of ​​how physiologically this process occurs. Small periodic fluctuations in indicators do not play a big role. Sustainable change is important.

Blood sugar

Normally it is 3.3 - 5.5 mmol/l. This indicator needs to be monitored. If there is a suspicion of diabetes mellitus (constant thirst and frequent excessive urination), then blood sugar testing should be done outside of the medical examination.

Blood cholesterol

Cholesterol levels can tell a lot about the threat of developing or progressing atherosclerosis. This disease does not threaten everyone; it is mainly associated with family history. But you need to control your cholesterol levels. Three types of cholesterol are studied: total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and NSAID cholesterol. LDL and HDL are lipoprotein (protein-fat) complexes that transport cholesterol from the liver to tissues that need it vitally for metabolism.

Cholesterol is the same everywhere, but the complexes are different: LDL (low-density lipoprotein) is a “leaky” carrier; it loses cholesterol during transportation, which is deposited on the walls of blood vessels in the form of atherosclerotic plaques. It is LDL that is most abundant in the blood. HDL (high density lipoprotein) carries cholesterol without loss, this cholesterol enters into metabolic processes and prevents the development of atherosclerosis. But it is not enough, which is why it is so important to consume foods that maintain high levels of HDL in the blood (vegetable oils).

Cholesterol standards:

• general - 4.45 - 7.7 mmol/l;
• as part of LDL - 2.59 - 5.80 mmol/l;
• as part of HDL - 0.98 - 2.38 mmol/l.

Watch a video about cholesterol and age:

Pressure

Blood pressure is one of the most important health indicators. After 60, changes in blood pressure are rare; pressure stabilizes at 130/80 mm Hg. But these are average numbers, they are individual for each woman: the norm may be 140/85 and 110/80. You should focus on your well-being. A rise in lower (diastolic) pressure and a decrease in pulse pressure (the difference between upper and lower) are dangerous. If your lower blood pressure is consistently above 90 and you are experiencing headaches, you should consult a doctor to maintain your health.

Normal ESR in the blood

ESR or erythrocyte sedimentation rate is an indicator, an increase in which reflects the presence of an inflammatory process or a malignant tumor in the body. The generally accepted standard for ESR is 2 – 15 mm Hg. But there are also age standards. After 60 years, you can have a much higher upper level of ESR, as physiological changes in the body and chronic diseases accumulate. Each individual case of high ESR should be dealt with individually.

Blood creatinine

Creatinine is a residual product of protein metabolism formed in the liver, pancreas and muscle tissue. Its daily content in blood and urine is constant and corresponds to the volume of skeletal muscles. An increase in creatinine in urine indicates kidney disease, injuries or diseases of the muscular system, and dehydration. A temporary increase in this indicator can occur when taking antibiotics or anti-inflammatory drugs, or eating large amounts of animal proteins (meat, fish, dairy products).

Standards for women over 60:

• blood creatinine: 38-70 (µmol/l)
• daily excretion of creatinine in urine: 7.1-15.9 mmol/day. (0.8-1.8 g);
• residual nitrogen: 14.3 - 28.6 mmol/l.

Hemoglobin is normal after 60

Another important indicator is hemoglobin. This iron-containing protein carries oxygen to tissues, so a decrease in its content in the blood will affect the condition of all organs and tissues. The age norm of hemoglobin is 117 – 160 g/l, which is slightly higher than after 50 years. The increase in the norm is associated with the absence of menstrual and intermenstrual bleeding after 60 years.

TSH and its norm in elderly women

The pituitary gland is the main endocrine gland that regulates the work of other glands by secreting its hormones. The pituitary gland itself is under the same control of the hypothalamus.

At the age of 60 years and older, the thyroid gland significantly reduces the secretion of its thyroid hormones (TG) - thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Therefore, the pituitary gland works hard, producing the maximum amount of thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH), which stimulate the production of thyroxine and triiodothyronine.

The condition of hypothyroidism (decreased thyroid function) is very harmful to the body, especially to the brain, as it leads to the development of dementia. Therefore, it is important to monitor the levels of TG and TSH in the blood. The first indicator will be reduced, and the second will be overestimated compared to other age categories.

TSH norm: 1 – 10 mU/l. Exceeding the norm even in the absence of symptoms of the disease indicates the presence of subclinical (asymptomatic) hypothyroidism.

Intraocular pressure and its norm

Aging is often accompanied by an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) and impaired outflow of intraocular fluid. If you do not pay attention to unpleasant symptoms for a long time, optic nerve dystrophy occurs with the development of blindness. Symptoms of increased IOP are: headache, pain in the eyeballs, blurred vision, flashing “floaters” before the eyes, deterioration of lateral vision.

But low IOP is also bad; it can lead to a significant decrease in vision. Symptoms: rare blinking, sunken eyeballs, decreased vision.

The normal IOP ranges from 10 to 23 mm Hg. Art.

How to maintain health and beauty after 60?

After 60, a woman feels better than at fifty-five, when she was still bothered by hot flashes and changes in blood pressure. The changes taking place are more dangerous, although they do not cause such unpleasant sensations. But all these changes in the body can be corrected, trying to keep aging within physiological limits and suppressing the development of pathological processes.

Hormonal background

After 60 years, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can stimulate the growth of malignant tumors, the risk of which is quite high at this age. The hot flashes have already passed, and there is no urgent need to fix any problems. Therefore, gynecologists-endocrinologists prescribe HRT with caution, trying to replace it with hormone-like substances contained in plants and animals.

Phytohormones are found in soybeans, hop cones, red clover, and licorice roots. Recently, many medications and dietary supplements with these substances have been produced: Estrovel, Feminal, Klimadinon, Klimadinon Uno, Qi-Klim. You can also use homeopathic remedies - Remens, Klimaxan, etc.

Cytamines, biologically active substances obtained from animal organs and tissues, act similarly to phytohormones. An example of a dietary supplement with cytamines is Ovariamine.

You can activate your general metabolism, which will lead to an improvement in hormonal levels, by taking special vitamin and mineral complexes for older women.

Osteoporosis

Advice from a specialist on the prevention of osteoporosis:

• eating foods high in calcium, such as: dairy products, eggs, sardines, shrimp, sesame seeds, cabbage, almonds, chocolate;
• strengthening skeletal muscles that support the musculoskeletal system; muscles protect bones from fractures;
• taking medications and vitamin-mineral complexes that contain calcium - Calcium D3 Nycomed, Kalcemin, etc.

Genitourinary system

Problems with the genitourinary system can increase due to dry mucous membranes. Expert advice: a way out may be to use topical medications with hormones (vaginal suppositories and Ovestin cream). To strengthen the sphincter and pelvic floor muscles, special gymnastics complexes are prescribed.

Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a serious problem in older people. Therefore, you should limit or not consume sweets at all; baked goods are a source of simple carbohydrates. Fatty animal products should also be limited - they can also produce glucose. By following such a diet, diabetes in the initial stages is compensated. If blood sugar does not decrease, hypoglycemic drugs such as metformin (Siofor, Glucophage) are prescribed.

Physical exercise

High physical activity at 60 is contraindicated, but physical activity and feasible sports or gymnastics are vital. It is important to alternate physical activity with rest. Evening walks are very useful: they not only strengthen muscles, but also help you fall asleep quickly.

Cosmetology

It is worth taking care of your face and body, as they determine a woman’s appearance, her age and state of health. To achieve the desired result, you need to adhere to the following expert advice:

• cleanse your face daily, removing decorative cosmetics with special milk;
• clean with a scrub once a week;
• use age-appropriate nourishing creams; Apply day cream with photoprotective properties in the morning, and night cream in the evening; Do not apply the cream in a thick layer; if you do this before bed, swelling may appear on your face in the morning;
• Apply nourishing masks to the skin of the face and neck twice a week; ready-made nourishing masks for your age can be bought in the store; you can also use folk remedies;
• use age-appropriate cosmetic serums in courses;
• Visit a beauty salon 1 – 2 times a year to conduct courses of cosmetic procedures.

Sexual life of women over 60 years of age

Sex life at sixty should continue. Studies have shown that in most cases, married couples at this age retain sexual desire and sexual activity. This strengthens the muscles of the pelvis and perineum (prevention of prolapse of the internal genital organs) and makes life brighter.

The health of a woman in old age requires constant support. But this does not mean that you need to do only examination and treatment. And in your declining years, life should be bright, happy and full of pleasures.

Changes in female physiology can significantly affect the functioning of the body. Women's diseases - inflammatory, hormonal, hyperplastic - cause disruption of the sexual sphere and reproductive function. Treatment of some diseases requires not only the intervention of a gynecologist, but also a venereologist, urologist, and oncologist.

Causes of female diseases?

Gynecological problems that are based on the physiological characteristics of the body are called female genital diseases. Patients with similar problems turn to gynecologists. However, there is a part of those who do not go to the doctor either because the disease is asymptomatic, or because they are afraid of hearing a disappointing diagnosis. It is necessary to be aware that with a long course, frequent exacerbations without medical intervention, irreversible consequences can be caused: disruption of menstruation, reproductive function, complex menopausal syndrome.

Statistics in the field of gynecological research say that more than 60% of the fair sex suffer from intimate diseases, but many scientists believe that this percentage is much higher.

Pathological processes developing in intimate organs have varied etiologies and symptoms. The slightest deviations, the manifestation of the first signs, are a reason to seek consultation, undergo a visual examination, and a full-scale diagnosis.

Diseases of the female genital organs are provoked by external factors and internal complex problems. Pathologies of the cervix, reproductive organ, ovaries, appendages manifest themselves in the form of pain in the lower abdomen. They often have different natures. Experts from the medical field have identified a number of reasons that provoke deviations in the reproductive system:

• periodic, constant stressful situations caused by external stimuli;
• difficult environmental situation, its deterioration;
• chronic fatigue, poor nutrition, decreased immunity;
• frequent changes of partners suggest the emergence of an infectious problem;
• the beginning of a full sexual life at an immature, early age;
• failure to comply with personal hygiene rules leads to the emergence and spread of infections;
• transfer of infectious pathological processes that caused the problem in gynecology: staphylococci, trichomonas;
• uncontrolled, constant use of antibiotic pharmacological drugs.

Internal factors include:

• deviation from the norm in the location of the small pelvic organs;
• abnormal development of the uterus, vagina, atresia;
• hormonal imbalance can affect the development of benign tumors, oncology in women (malignant tumors);
• interruption of gestation (miscarriages, abortions), as a result of which curettage of the uterine cavity was performed.

Doctors warn that detecting pathology in the early stages will help avoid serious consequences and contribute to a quick recovery.

The main task of the fair sex is to maintain hygiene, which helps prevent the appearance of many painful symptoms. Disruption of the endocrine glands, especially the ovaries, abnormal course of pregnancy, complications during childbirth, in the postpartum period against a background favorable for diseases, under certain circumstances can lead to uterine fibroids, endometriosis, cyst formation in the ovary, which in the future can cause infertility . Failures of the reproductive system after infections, disruptions of the endocrine system, neurological problems affect the body as a whole, and therefore contribute to the occurrence of general malaise.

For timely detection of the disease, it is necessary to be regularly examined by a gynecologist at least once every 6 months.

When to sound the alarm: symptoms

Diseases of the female system have various symptoms of abnormalities, which depend on the nature of the occurrence of a particular pathology: uncharacteristic discharge, itching in the vagina, chest pain cause a lot of inconvenience.

Only a gynecologist knows everything about women's diseases. Every woman should listen to her body and respond to minor changes. Gynecological problems have extensive symptoms, characteristic of different clinical cases. Typically, manifestations are general and local. This is due to the fact that there are many factors that could provoke the disease. Also, the reproductive system has a complex structure and performs important functions in conjunction with other organs.

If during sexual intercourse a partner observes pain in the lower abdominal segment, this is the first sign indicating the presence of a gynecological disease: a sign of pathologies of the cervical uterus or the reproductive organ itself, the progressive development of tumors, neoplasms, and oncological diseases in women.

Specific manifestations characteristic of problems in gynecology:

• Unpleasant sensations during sexual intercourse, even those that make it impossible to have an intimate life; discomfort occurs when urinating.
• Burning and itching in the area of ​​the intimate organs vary in intensity and can cause discomfort: they can be so unbearable that strong scratching of this area leads to injury to the skin and mucous membrane.
• Bleeding at any period of the menstrual cycle - minor, spotting or profuse. Sometimes they appear immediately after sex.
• Disruption of the menstrual cycle - normally it lasts 28 days, plus or minus a few days, and is not accompanied by complaints or disturbances (like menorrhagia); absence of menstruation, prolonged and large blood losses are characteristic of endocrine disorders and diseases of a tumor nature.
• Leucorrhoea or leukorrhea - abundant, unnatural discharge for a given period; can be watery, white, yellow-green, foamy, mixed with blood, and have an unpleasant odor; usually observed with specific or nonspecific inflammations, tumors; indicate non-gynecological problems such as diabetes or tuberculosis.
• Erosions and ulcers on the genitals are secondary formations after nodules (papules), vesicles, pustules, spots, tubercles, blisters; can spread not only to the epidermis, but also to the deeper layers of the skin; accompanied by swelling, hyperemia, plaque.
• Pressing, aching, bursting pain in the lower abdomen indicates serious illnesses and their complications; acute pain is a sign of a life-threatening situation, such as ovarian apoplexy, which requires emergency hospitalization.

No pain, other than minor discomfort in the first days of menstruation, can be considered normal. It is necessary to visit a doctor if this symptom forces you to use painkillers.

Pain and severe sensations in the lower abdomen and lower back are accompanied by almost all gynecological ailments. They appear suddenly, are acute, occur during the development of the disease, or first appear in a protracted situation when treatment has been delayed. Some cases of asymptomatic progression lead to the development of secondary infertility and numerous miscarriages.

Diseases of the female sphere: species diversity

Thrush, fibroids, endometriosis or cancer have different origins and are provoked by various factors; They differ in external manifestations, severity, and symptoms.

With the onset of the first menstruation, depending on heredity, there is a risk of developing pathologies that require immediate treatment. Inflammation of the appendages, cystic mastopathy, fibroids, ovarian cysts can lead to infertility, and malignant formations in the form of uterine cancer can lead to death.

Women over 50, while in menopause, face severe forms - uterine or ovarian cancer, endocrine disruptions. Various pathogens, entering the vaginal lining, provoke inflammatory processes that cause imbalance and serious disorders in the body.

Gynecologists distinguish several groups in gynecology, which differ in the nature of their course: inflammatory, hormonal, hyperplastic.

Inflammation of the appendages occupies 1st place in gynecological pathology, accounting for 60-65% of visits to antenatal clinics.

Inflammation in the intimate area

The cause of inflammation is microbes that enter the body most often through sexual contact. Pathogens can spread by hematogenous, lymphogenous, intracanalicular routes. This list includes:

• Papilloma - the virus causes ectocervix, which is small condylomas that are not visible during colcoscopic examination; the disease is poorly treated and is not sensitive to antiviral drugs; treatment - laser and cryo-destruction.
• Thrush or candidal colpitis is a disease of the female vagina that is caused by fungi of the genus Candida; it is characterized by white cheesy discharge; reasons - uncontrolled antibacterial therapy, hypovitaminosis, hypoestrogenism.
• Vulvitis - inflammation of the external intimate organs; lack of proper hygiene, thermal, mechanical, and chemical effects on the skin cause burning and itching.

It must be borne in mind that inflammatory processes are sometimes completely asymptomatic, and a woman can feel completely healthy.

Why is hormonal imbalance dangerous?

Frequent headaches, mood swings, and irritability may indicate changes in hormonal levels, which play an important role in the sexual sphere. Diseases of the female reproductive glands occur when their activity is disrupted. As a result of such changes, benign neoplasms, malignant tumors of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and breasts can develop. An imbalance of hormones during menopause causes engorgement of the mammary glands, joint pain, sweating, and depression. Failures in hormonal balance provoke the occurrence of polycystic ovary syndrome, adrenal tumors, and fibroids.

Scientists claim that most divorces for far-fetched reasons actually occur due to hormonal shifts, which affect the mood, reactions, and character of the fair sex as a whole.

Hyperplastic, dystrophic processes are one of the manifestations of pathologies of the endocrine system and decreased immunity. Such changes often produce the appearance of malignant neoplasms. Tissue hyperplasia involves accelerated cell proliferation. Hyperplastic processes of the cervix occur at any period of a woman’s life, at the age of 40-50 years - endometriosis. This is associated with metabolic disorders and immunosuppressive conditions.

How is the treatment carried out?

Comprehensive studies will help identify and diagnose problems in the intimate area. Whatever disorders are identified, the treatment of any pathology has its own characteristics and is carried out in strict accordance with doctor’s recommendations, under the supervision of a specialist. Preventive examinations help prevent pathological processes, diseases of the uterus, the development of tumors, and cancer. Self-medication or untimely treatment can provoke various gynecological problems and lead to serious consequences. A balanced intake of pharmacological drugs, and, if necessary, surgical intervention, vitamins of different groups will help restore health.

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