Seas of the Pacific Ocean: list and interesting facts. Presentation on the topic “The seas washing the borders of Russia” in powerpoint format All the seas of the Pacific Ocean are separated

A report on the Pacific Ocean for a geography lesson can be supplemented with interesting facts. Reports on the Pacific Ocean contain a lot of educational information.

Report on the topic “Pacific Ocean”

The Pacific Ocean received its name thanks to, which in 1521 crossed the Pacific Ocean from the western coast of South America to the coast of South Asia, and never encountered a storm, which is why he called the ocean “Pacific”.

The Pacific Ocean is called the Great Ocean for its size, as it is the largest body of water on Earth.

  • This the deepest and the warmest in the surface layer of the ocean.
  • The highest wind waves and the most destructive tropical hurricanes form here.
  • He takes first place in number of islands. The islands of the central part of the ocean are united under the general name Oceania.
  • It occupies almost half the area of ​​the entire World Ocean and washes the shores of five continents of the Earth.

Geographical location of the Pacific Ocean

The Pacific Ocean covers more 30% of the Earth's surface and surpasses all continents in area. From north to south it stretches for 16,000 km, and from west to east – more than 19,000 km.

In the east, the boundaries of the ocean are the shores of South and North America, the Drake Passage, in the west - the shores of Asia, the Strait of Malacca, the islands of Sumatra, Java, the Lesser Sundas, New Guinea, the Torres Strait, the island of Tasmania, in the south the border runs conventionally along the Antarctic convergence line.

Average depth of the Pacific Ocean 3976 m, maximum 11,034 m (Mariana Trench).

Volcanoes are common at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. When underwater volcanoes erupt, islands are sometimes formed, many of which are short-lived and washed away by water.

The underwater relief of the vast ocean is diverse. At the bottom of the Pacific Ocean there are vast basins, individual mountains, hills, and in the southern part two rises that form the mid-ocean ridge.

Pacific climate

The ocean climate is varied and varies from equatorial to subarctic in the north and Antarctic in the south.

The widest part is located in hot zones. Therefore, the average temperature in the surface layer is 2 degrees. higher than in the Atlantic and Indian oceans.

Average ocean salinity – 34.5 ppm- this is lower than in other oceans, since more fresh water enters it with precipitation and rivers than evaporates.

The stretch of the ocean from the northern to the southern polar latitudes determines the climatic diversity in its spaces:

— The western part of the ocean is characterized by monsoons

— Moderate latitudes are characterized by winds that are relatively unstable in direction and a fairly frequent recurrence of storm winds with a speed of more than 16 m/sec, and their maximum speed at times reaches 45 m/sec

— In tropical latitudes - trade winds

In the tropics, typhoons often form (from the Chinese “tai feng” - big wind) - a tropical cyclone, within which hurricane-force winds blow at speeds of up to 100 km/h.

Organic World of the Pacific

The organic world of the Pacific Ocean is rich and diverse. It is the richest in the number of species of living organisms. Overall, the ocean is home to about 100 thousand species of animals. Plant plankton alone has about 1,300 species. It accounts for half of the total mass of living organisms in the World Ocean.

Brown algae is abundant in the cold and temperate waters of the Pacific Ocean. In the Southern Hemisphere, at these latitudes, a giant of the world of algae grows, 200 m long.

Coral reefs are one of the wonders of the tropical seas. Coral structures of various colors and shapes create a magical world underwater. Among the purple, green, orange, yellow branches of coral buildings, light silhouettes of fish flash; shellfish, starfish and algae live here.

Coral reefs are created by living organisms - coral polyps, living in colonies. A branched coral colony has been growing for many years, the growth rate is 10-20 cm per year.

For the development of corals, sea water with a salinity of 27-40‰ and a temperature of at least +20 ºС is required. Corals live only in the upper 50-meter layer of clean, transparent water.

In the southern tropical zone off the coast of Australia, a unique natural complex of the Great Barrier Reef has formed. This is the largest “mountain range” on Earth created by organisms.

In size it is comparable to the Ural Range.

The Pacific Ocean in people's lives

About half of the world's population lives along the shores of the Pacific Ocean. The lives of many of them are inextricably linked with the ocean and depend on it.

The longest sea routes run through this ocean, connecting port cities of different continents. However, human economic activities have led to a serious problem of pollution of the Great Ocean. Entire islands of garbage have accumulated in its waters.

The message about the Pacific Ocean can be used by students in grades 5-7. If you are a 2-3 grade student, it is better to shorten the report by selecting the main facts.

Many seas wash the shores of one or more countries. Some of these seas are huge, while others are very small... Only inland seas are not part of the ocean.

After the Earth formed from a clump of gas and dust 4.5 billion years ago, the temperature on the planet dropped and the vapor contained in the atmosphere condensed (turned into liquid when cooled), settling on the surface in the form of rain. From this water the world ocean was formed, which was subsequently divided by continents into four oceans. These oceans include numerous coastal seas, often connected to each other.

Largest seas of the Pacific Ocean

Philippine Sea
Area: 5.7 million km2, located between Taiwan in the north, the Mariana Islands in the east, the Caroline Islands in the southeast and the Philippines in the west.

coral sea
Area: 4 million km2, limited to the west by Australia, Papua New Guinea to the north, Vanuatu to the east and New Caledonia

South China Sea
Area: 3.5 million km2, located between the Philippines in the east, Malaysia in the south, Vietnam in the west and China in the north

Tasman Sea
Area: 3.3 million km 2, washes Australia in the west and New Zealand in the east and separates the Pacific and Indian oceans.

Bering Sea
Area: 2.3 million km 2, located between Chukotka (Russia) in the west and Alaska (USA) in the east.

Japanese Sea
Area: 970,000 km2, located between the Russian Far East in the northwest, Korea in the west and Japan in the east.

Largest seas of the Atlantic Ocean

Sargasso Sea
Area: 4 million km 2, located between Florida (USA) in the west and the Northern Antilles in the south.

Composition of sea water

Sea water consists of approximately 96% water and 4% salt. Apart from the Dead Sea, the saltiest sea in the world is the Red Sea: it contains 44 grams of salt per liter of water (versus 35 grams on average for most seas). This high salt content is explained by the fact that water evaporates faster in this hot region.

Gulf of Guinea
Area: 1.5 million km 2, located at the latitude of the Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.

Mediterranean Sea
Area: 2.5 million km 2, surrounded by Europe in the north, Western Asia in the east and North Africa in the south.

Antilles Sea
Area: 2.5 million km 2, located between the Antilles in the east, the coast of South America in the South and Central America in the West.

Gulf of Mexico
Area: 1.5 million km 2, it is adjacent to the southern coast of the United States from the north and Mexico from the west.

Baltic Sea
Area: 372,730 km 2, borders Russia and Finland in the north, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in the east, Poland and Germany in the south and Denmark and Sweden in the west.

North Sea
Area: 570,000 km 2, it is adjacent to Scandinavia in the east, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and France in the south and Great Britain in the west.

Largest seas of the Indian Ocean

Arabian Sea
Area: 3.5 million km 2, washes the Arabian Peninsula in the west, Pakistan in the north and India in the east.

Bay of Bengal
Area: 2.1 million km 2, located between the coasts of India in the west, Bangladesh in the north, Myanmar (Burma) in the northeast, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the southeast and Sri Lanka in the southwest.

Great Australian Bight (Australian Bight)
Area: 1.3 million km 2, stretches along the southern coast of Australia.

Arafura Sea
Area: 1 million km 2, located between Papua New Guinea in the northwest, Indonesia in the west and Australia in the south.

Mozambique Channel
Area: 1.4 million km 2, located near Africa, between the coasts of Mozambique in the west and Madagascar in the east.

The largest seas of the Arctic Ocean

Barencevo sea
Area: 1.4 million km 2, washes the shores of Norway in the west and Russia in the east.

Greenland Sea
Area: 1.2 million km 2, limited by Greenland in the west and the island of Spitsbergen (Norway) in the east.

East-Siberian Sea
Area: 900,000 km 2, washes the shores of Siberia.

The largest seas of Antarctica

Inland seas

Inland, or closed, seas are completely surrounded by land. The Black and Caspian seas are the largest of them.

Black Sea
Area: 461,000 km2. It is surrounded by Romania and Bulgaria in the west, Russia and Ukraine in the north, Georgia in the east and Turkey in the south. It communicates with the Mediterranean Sea through Marmara.

Bellingshausen Sea
Area: 1.2 million km 2, located near Antarctica.

Caspian Sea
Area: 376,000 km2, located between Azerbaijan in the west, Russia in the northwest, Kazakhstan in the north and east, Turkmenistan in the southeast and Iran in the south.

Ross Sea
Area: 960,000 km 2, located north of Antarctica.

Weddell Sea
Area: 1.9 million km 2, located between the South Orkney Islands (UK) and the South Shetland Islands (UK) in the north and Antarctica in the south.

The Dead Sea is so salty that there are no living organisms in it

The average depth is 3988 m. The deepest point of the ocean (it is also the deepest point in the world) is located in the Mariana Trench and is called the Challenger Deep (11,022 m).
. Average temperature: 19-37°C. The widest part of the Pacific Ocean is located at equatorial-tropical latitudes, so surface water temperatures are significantly higher than in other oceans.
. Dimensions: area - 179.7 million sq. km, volume - 710.36 million sq. km.

To imagine how big the Pacific Ocean is, there are enough numbers: it occupies a third of our planet and makes up almost half of the World Ocean.

Salinity - 35-36 ‰.

Pacific Currents


Alaskan- washes the western coast of North America and reaches the Bering Sea. It spreads to great depths, right down to the bottom. Current speed: 0.2-0.5 m/s. Water temperature: 7-15°C.

East Australian- the largest off the Australian coast. It starts at the equator (Coral Sea) and runs along the east coast of Australia. Average speed is 2-3 knots (up to 7). Temperature - 25°C.

Kuroshio(or Japanese) - washes the southern and eastern shores of Japan, carrying the warm waters of the South China Sea to the northern latitudes. It has three branches: East Korean, Tsushima and Soya. Speed: 6 km/h, temperature 18-28°C.

North Pacific- continuation of the Kuroshio current. It crosses the ocean from west to east, and near the coast of North America it branches into the Alaskan (goes to the north) and California (to the south). Near the coast of Mexico, it turns and crosses the ocean in the opposite direction (North Trade Wind Current) - all the way to Kuroshio.

South Passatnoe- flows in the southern tropical latitudes, stretches from east to west: from the coast of South America (Galapagos Islands) to the coast of Australia and New Guinea. Temperature - 32°C. Gives rise to the Australian Current.

Equatorial countercurrent (or inter-trade current)- stretches from west to east between the North Passat and South Passat currents.

Cromwell's current- a subsurface countercurrent that passes under the South Passat. Speed ​​70-150 cm/sec.

Cold:

Californian- the western branch of the North Pacific Current, flows along the western coasts of the United States and Mexico. Speed ​​- 1-2 km/h, temperature 15-26°C.

Antarctic Circumpolar (or Western Winds Current)— circles the entire globe between 40° and 50° S. Speed ​​0.4-0.9 km/h, temperature 12-15 °C. This current is often called the "Roaring Forties", as powerful storms rage here. The Peruvian Current branches off from it in the Pacific Ocean.

Peruvian Current (or Humboldt Current)- flows from south to north from the coast of Antarctica along the western coast of Chile and Peru. Speed ​​0.9 km/h, temperature 15-20 °C.

Underwater world of the Pacific Ocean

The flora and fauna of the underwater world in the Pacific Ocean is the richest and most diverse. Almost 50% of all living organisms in the World Ocean live here. The most densely populated area is considered to be the area near the Great Balier Reef.

All ocean wildlife is located according to climatic zones - in the north and south it is scarcer than in the tropics, but the total number of each species of animal or plant is greater here.

The Pacific Ocean produces more than half of the world's seafood catch. Of the commercial species, the most popular are salmon (95% of the world catch), mackerel, anchovies, sardines, horse mackerel, and halibut. There is limited whale fishing: baleen whales and sperm whales.

The richness of the underwater world is eloquently demonstrated by the following figures:

  • more than 850 species of algae;
  • more than 100 thousand species of animals (of which over 3800 species of fish);
  • about 200 species of animals living at a depth of more than 7 thousand km;
  • more than 6 thousand species of mollusks.

The Pacific Ocean is home to the largest number of endemics (animals that are found only here): dugongs, fur seals, sea otters, sea lions, sea cucumbers, polychaetes, leopard sharks.

The nature of the Pacific Ocean has only been studied about 10 percent. Every year scientists discover more and more new species of animals and plants. For example, in 2005 alone, more than 2,500 new species of mollusks and more than 100 species of crustaceans were discovered.

Pacific exploration

According to scientific research, the Pacific Ocean is the oldest on the planet. Its formation began in the Cretaceous period of the Mesozoic, that is, more than 140 million years ago. The exploration of the ocean began long before the advent of writing. People who lived on the shores of the greatest water area have been using the gifts of the ocean for thousands of years ago. Thus, Thor Heyerdahl's expedition on the Kon-Tiki balsa raft confirmed the scientist's theory that the islands of Polynesia could have been populated by people from South America who were able to cross the Pacific Ocean on the same rafts.

For Europeans, the history of ocean exploration is officially dated from September 15, 1513. On this day, traveler Vasco Nunez de Balboa first saw the expanse of water stretching to the horizon, and dubbed it the South Sea.

According to legend, the ocean received its name from F. Magellan himself. During his trip around the world, the great Portuguese for the first time circled South America and ended up in the ocean. Having sailed along it for more than 17 thousand kilometers and without experiencing a single storm during all this time, Magellan christened the ocean the Pacific. It was only later research that proved him wrong. The Pacific Ocean is actually one of the most turbulent oceans. It is here that the largest tsunamis occur, and typhoons, hurricanes and storms occur here more often than in other oceans.

From then on, active exploration of the largest ocean on the planet began. We list only the most significant discoveries:

1589 - A. Ortelius publishes the world's first detailed map of the ocean.

1642-1644 - the ocean conquers A. Tasman and opens a new continent - Australia.

1769-1779 - three voyages around the world by D. Cook and exploration of the southern part of the ocean.

1785 - voyage of J. La Perouse, exploration of the southern and northern parts of the ocean. The mysterious disappearance of the expedition in 1788 still haunts the minds of researchers.

1787-1794 - the journey of A. Malaspina, who compiled a detailed map of the west coast of America.

1725-1741 - two Kamchatka expeditions led by V.I. Bering and A. Chirikov, study of the northern and northwestern parts of the ocean.

1819-1821 - trip around the world by F. Bellingshausen and M. Lazarev, discovery of Antarctica and islands in the southern part of the ocean.

1872-1876 - the world's first scientific expedition to study the Pacific Ocean was organized on the corvette Challenger (England). Maps of depths and bottom relief were compiled, and a collection of ocean flora and fauna was collected.

1949-1979 - 65 scientific voyages of the ship "Vityaz" under the flag of the USSR Academy of Sciences (measuring the depth of the Mariana Trench and detailed maps of the underwater relief).

1960 - first dive to the bottom of the Mariana Trench.

1973 - creation of the Pacific Oceanological Institute (Vladivostok)

Since the 90s of the twentieth century, a comprehensive study of the Pacific Ocean has begun, which combines and systematizes all the data obtained. Currently, the priority areas are geophysics, geochemistry, geology and commercial use of the ocean floor.

Since the discovery of the Challenger Deep in 1875, only three people have descended to the very bottom of the Mariana Trench. The last dive took place on March 12, 2012. And the brave diver was none other than the famous film director James Cameron.

Many representatives of the fauna of the Pacific Ocean are characterized by gigantism: giant mussels and oysters, the tridacna clam (300 kg).

There are over 25 thousand islands in the Pacific Ocean, more than in all other oceans combined. Here is also the oldest island on the planet - Kauai, whose age is estimated at 6 million years.

More than 80% of tsunamis are “born” in the Pacific Ocean. The reason for this is the large number of underwater volcanoes.

The Pacific Ocean is full of secrets. There are many mystical places here: the Devil's Sea (near Japan), where ships and planes disappear; the bloodthirsty island of Palmyra, where everyone who remains there perishes; Easter Island with its mysterious idols; Truk Lagoon, where the largest military equipment cemetery is located. And in 2011, a sign island was discovered near Australia - Sandy Island. It appears and disappears, as evidenced by numerous expeditions and Google satellite photos.

The so-called Garbage Continent was discovered in the north of the ocean. This is a large garbage heap containing over 100 million tons of plastic waste.

The largest and most ancient of all oceans. Its area is 178.6 million km2. It can easily accommodate all the continents combined, which is why it is sometimes called the Great. The name “Pacific” is associated with the name of F., who traveled around the world and sailed through the Pacific Ocean under favorable conditions.

This ocean is truly great: it occupies 1/3 of the surface of the entire planet and almost 1/2 of the area. The ocean has an oval shape, it is especially wide at the equator.

The peoples inhabiting the Pacific coasts and islands have been sailing the ocean for a long time and exploring its riches. Information about the ocean was accumulated as a result of the voyages of F. Magellan, J. . The beginning of its wide study was laid in the 19th century by the first round-the-world Russian expedition of I.F. . Currently, a special one has been created for the study of the Pacific Ocean. In recent years, new data have been obtained about its nature, its depth has been determined, currents and the topography of the bottom and ocean have been studied.

The southern part of the ocean from the shores of the Tuamotu Islands to the shores is an area of ​​​​calm and stable. It was for this calm and silence that Magellan and his companions called the Pacific Ocean. But west of the Tuamotu Islands the picture changes dramatically. Calm weather is rare here; stormy winds usually blow, often turning into... These are the so-called southern squalls, especially fierce in December. Tropical cyclones are less frequent but more intense. They arrive at the beginning of autumn from, at the northern tip they turn into warm westerly winds.

The tropical waters of the Pacific Ocean are clean, transparent and have medium salinity. Their deep dark blue color amazed observers. But sometimes the waters here turn green. This is due to the development of marine life. The equatorial part of the ocean has favorable weather conditions. The temperature over the sea is about 25°C and remains almost unchanged throughout the year. Winds of moderate strength blow here. At times there is complete calm. The sky is clear, the nights are very dark. The balance is especially stable in the area of ​​the Polynesian islands. In the calm belt there are frequent heavy but short-term showers, mainly in the afternoon. Hurricanes are extremely rare here.

The warm waters of the ocean contribute to the work of corals, of which there are many. The Great Reef stretches along the eastern coast of Australia. This is the largest “ridge” created by organisms.

The western part of the ocean is under the influence of the monsoons with their sudden vagaries. Terrible hurricanes arise here and... They are especially ferocious in the northern hemisphere between 5 and 30°. Typhoons are frequent from July to October, with up to four per month in August. They originate in the area of ​​the Caroline and Mariana Islands and then “make raids” on the shores, and. Since in the west of the tropical part of the ocean it is hot and rainy, the islands of Fiji, the New Hebrides, New Hebrides are not without reason considered one of the most unhealthy places on the globe.

The northern regions of the ocean are similar to the southern ones, only as if in a mirror image: circular rotation of the waters, but if in the southern part it is counterclockwise, then in the northern part it is clockwise; unstable weather in the west, where typhoons enter further north; cross currents: North Passat and South Passat; in the north of the ocean there is little floating ice, since the Bering Strait is very narrow and protects the Pacific Ocean from the influence of the Arctic Ocean. This distinguishes the north of the ocean from its south.

The Pacific Ocean is the deepest. Its average depth is 3980 meters, and its maximum reaches 11022 m. The ocean coast is in a seismic zone, as it is the boundary and place of interaction with other lithospheric plates. This interaction is accompanied by terrestrial and underwater and.

A characteristic feature is that the greatest depths are confined to its outskirts. Deep-sea depressions stretch in the form of narrow long trenches in the western and eastern parts of the ocean. Large uplifts divide the ocean floor into basins. In the east of the ocean is the East Pacific Rise, which is part of the system of mid-ocean ridges.

Currently, the Pacific Ocean plays an important role in the life of many countries. Half of the world's fish catch comes from this water area, a significant part of it being various shellfish, crabs, shrimp, and krill. In some countries, shellfish and various algae are grown on the seabed and used for food. Placer metals are being mined on the shelf, and oil is being extracted off the coast of the California Peninsula. Some countries desalinate seawater and use it. Important sea routes pass through the Pacific Ocean; the length of these routes is very large. Shipping is well developed, mainly along the continental coasts.

Human economic activity has led to the pollution of ocean waters and the extermination of some animal species. Thus, in the 18th century, sea cows were exterminated, discovered by one of the participants in V.'s expedition. Seals and whales are on the verge of extinction. Currently, their fishing is limited. Water pollution from industrial waste poses a great danger to the ocean.

Location: limited by the east coast, west coast of North and South America, north, south.
Square: 178.7 million km2
Average depth: 4,282 m.

Greatest depth: 11022 m (Mariana Trench).

Bottom relief: East Pacific Rise, Northeast, Northwestern, Central, Eastern, Southern and other basins, deep-sea trenches: Aleutian, Kurile, Mariana, Philippine, Peruvian and others.

Inhabitants: a large number of unicellular and multicellular microorganisms; fish (pollock, herring, salmon, cod, sea bass, beluga, chum salmon, pink salmon, sockeye salmon, chinook salmon and many others); seals, seals; crabs, shrimp, oysters, squid, octopus.

: 30-36.5 ‰.

Currents: warm - , North Pacific, Alaskan, South Trade Wind, East Australian; cold - Californian, Kuril, Peruvian, Western winds.

Additional Information: The Pacific Ocean is the largest in the world; Ferdinand Magellan crossed it for the first time in 1519, the ocean was called “Pacific” because during the entire three months of the journey, Magellan’s ships did not encounter a single storm; The Pacific Ocean is usually divided into northern and southern regions, the border of which runs along the equator.

Presentation on the topic “The seas washing the borders of Russia” on geography for schoolchildren. Consists of twenty-eight slides. Author - Ishmuratova Liliya Malikovna

Excerpts from the presentation:

Goals and objectives:

  • Get acquainted with the features of the seas and oceans washing the territory of Russia
  • Consider the natural resources of the seas of Russia and the environmental problems of the seas

Arctic Ocean

Characteristics of the seas of the Arctic Ocean
  • All seas are marginal, except for the White Sea
  • All seas are located on the continental shelf, so they are shallow
  • Sea salinity is lower than oceanic
  • The climate of the seas is harsh; only part of the Barents Sea does not freeze
  • The Northern Sea Route passes through the seas of the Arctic Ocean - the shortest route from the Baltic Sea to Vladivostok
  • Ice moves under the influence of winds and currents in a clockwise direction - it drifts. Ice collides, forming piles of ice - hummocks

Pacific Ocean

Characteristics of the seas of the Pacific Ocean
  • All seas of the Pacific Ocean are marginal and are separated from the ocean by a chain of islands
  • All have significant depths, since they have almost no shelf zone
  • The seas are located in the zone of the Pacific Ring of Fire, in the area of ​​​​the boundaries of lithospheric plates, so tsunamis are frequent here, and along the shores there are volcanoes, the seashores are mountainous
  • The nature of the Bering and Okhotsk seas is harsh. The seas freeze, and in summer the water temperature is no higher than +12C. Only the southernmost one, the Sea of ​​Japan, does not freeze. Typhoons and severe storms are common here. The Sea of ​​Okhotsk has the highest tides in Russia

Atlantic Ocean

Characteristics of the seas of the Atlantic Ocean
  • All seas are internal, that is, they are connected to the ocean by narrow straits and surrounded on all sides by land
  • The Deep is the Black Sea (maximum depth is 2210 m), and the Azov Sea is the shallowest sea in Russia - the greatest depth is 15 m, the average is 5-7 m.
  • The Black Sea is located in a tectonic depression
  • The Baltic and Azov seas are covered with ice for a short time. The Baltic bays freeze, and the Black Sea is the warmest sea in Russia and ice occurs only in its northern bays
  • The Black Sea is contaminated from a depth of 200 m with poisonous hydrogen sulfide and is devoid of life from a depth of 200 m
  • Caspian Sea – lake basin of internal flow

The most, the most, the most

  • The deepest sea in Russia is the Bering Sea (greatest depth - 5500 m)
  • The largest in area is Beringovo
  • The shallowest water is Azovskoe (maximum depth - 15 m)
  • The smallest in area is Azovskoe
  • The coldest is East Siberian (in summer water temperature +1 C)
  • The purest - Chukotka
  • The warmest is the Black Sea

Sea resources

  • The Barents Sea is the richest in biological resources among the seas of the Arctic Ocean
  • Richer than the resources of the Pacific Ocean
  • The Caspian Sea contains 80% of the planet's sturgeon reserves
  • They catch in the Baltic Sea
  • The Sea of ​​Azov is an important fishing area
  • The Black Sea does not have important commercial significance, but fishing is carried out here too
  • Kislogubskaya tidal power plant (Barents Sea)
  • The seas have rich mineral resources

The Black Sea has the richest recreational resources

  • Anapa
  • Tuapse

Main sources of sea pollution

  • Industrial wastewater coming from river water – 40%
  • Sea transport – 30%
  • Accidents of oil tankers
  • Accidents of oil pipelines laid along the seabed

Ways to improve the environmental situation

  • Use waste-free production along coasts and river banks
  • Construction of treatment facilities
  • Avoid high concentrations (accumulation of industrial enterprises) on sea coasts
  • Creation of protected water areas (marine reserves and sanctuaries)

Sea Comparison Plan

  • Which ocean basin does it belong to?
  • Outer or inner
  • Coastline (indented, no, bays, peninsulas)
  • Depths
  • Salinity
  • Water temperature (ice)
  • Sea resources
  • Ecological problems

Comparative characteristics of the Black and Kara seas

Black Sea
  • Atlantic Ocean Basin
  • Inland sea
  • Izrezana, Crimean Peninsula
  • 1315 m
  • January – 1° +7°, July +25°
  • Recreational resources
  • Ecological problems
Kara Sea
  • Arctic Ocean Basin
  • Outskirts
  • Heavily rugged, Yamal, Gydansky, Taimyr Peninsulas
  • 111 m
  • 7-33‰
  • January –1.5°, July+1º+4º
  • Biological resources
  • Ecological problems


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