Sinkwine to the word distance. Cinquains: a fashionable task for literature and Russian language lessons

Quite a lot of people have heard the term syncwine, but not everyone knows what exactly it means. It is especially incomprehensible to those who are far from literature. Let's figure out what syncwine is and how it can be used in pedagogy.

History of syncwine

Cinquain is a five-line poetic form that originated in the USA at the very beginning of the 20th century. Its ancestor is considered to be the American poet Adelaide Crapsey. She was inspired to create this form by Japanese haiku poetry. After its spread, syncwine was used for didactic purposes, because thanks to this poetic form it was possible to get rid of monotonous speech in a child. Syncwine is also used to synthesize complex information.

Types of syncwine

Sinkwine has several types, on which the rule for its composition depends. So, the following varieties are distinguished:

• Traditional cinquain consists of 5 lines with a syllable structure of 2-4-6-8-2 and 22 syllables;
• Reverse syncwine is a form where there is a reverse sequence of verses (2-8-6-4-2);
• Mirror syncwine consists of two five-line forms (the first is traditional, the second is reverse syncwine;
• The butterfly cinquain is a nine-line verse form with a syllabic structure of 2-4-6-8-2-8-6-4-2;
• The Crown of Cinquains - 5 traditional cinquains that are combined into one complete poem.
• The garland of cinquains is a kind of analogue of the wreath of sonnets. This is a kind of crown of syncwines, to which a sixth cinquain is added. Moreover, the first line is taken from the first syncwine, the second - from the second, the last from the last. It's quite complicated, but nevertheless it sounds pretty good. But not everyone can compose such a poem, since it requires certain skills.

If you want to practice composing syncwines, you should start with the traditional version, over time you will be able to improve your skills and move on to more complex options.

Synquain structure

Anyone can make a cinquain, you just need to do it according to a certain structure.

• The first line of this poetic form spells out the theme in just one word. It can be a noun or a pronoun.
• The second line contains two words (adjectives or participles) that denote the properties or characteristics of the object indicated in the first line.
• The third line must contain 3 verbs or gerunds. It describes characteristic actions or events that occur with objects.
• The fourth line is a phrase of 4 words, it contains the personal attitude of the author of the syncwine to the subject or object that is described in the verse.
• The fifth line is the conclusion of the above. Here you need to fit into a few words, so you will need to try hard to do it.

Of course, you need to try to follow the rules for compiling a syncwine, but to make it more interesting, you can make your own adjustments. For example, increase the number of words in lines, use appropriate parts of speech, etc. In general, the author needs to end up with a poem with meaning, and not a simple set of words that does not carry any interesting and important information.

Sinkwine from a pedagogical point of view

If you look at syncwine from the point of view of pedagogy, then this term should be understood as free creativity, which requires the author to have the ability to find the most important and significant points in the information material, and then draw conclusions. In other words, the situation or story must be stated concisely.

Sinkwine can be used as a final assignment to test the material. Also, their compilation helps a person enrich his speech and develop analytical skills. It is especially useful to compose syncwines for children, then they will be able to enrich their speech, moreover, they will develop much faster than their peers. In Russia, this poetic form began to be used only in the 90s of the last millennium, while in the West it has been used for a long time.

Educational and methodological manual

Ghazaryan Tatyana Aleksandrovna,
teacher-speech therapist GBDOU Kindergarten No. 25
Petrodvortsovo district of St. Petersburg

What is syncwine?

He who thinks clearly speaks clearly
(Ancient saying)

Psychologists and practicing teachers note that older preschoolers often have speech impairments, a poor vocabulary, children do not know how to compose a story from a picture, retell what they read, and it is difficult for them to learn a poem by heart.

Compiling a syncwine - one of the ways to partially solve these problems.

Cinquains often used by modern teachers for kindergarten classes. Already at preschool age, you can teach children to compose syncwines in the form of a game.

Sinkwine - a French word, translated means “poem of five lines.”

The cinquain form was developed by the American poet Adelaide Crapsey.

Sinkwine - this is not an ordinary poem, but a poem written in accordance with certain rules.

Relatively recently, teachers began to use syncwine to enhance cognitive activity and began to use it as a method of speech development.

To compose syncwine , you need to learn to find the main elements in the text, in the material, draw conclusions and conclusions, express your opinion, analyze, generalize, isolate, combine and briefly present.

We can say that this is a flight of thought, free mini-creativity, subject to certain rules.

Rules for compiling syncwine .

• Sinkwine consists of 5 lines:

1 word

2 words

3 words

4 words

1 word

• Its shape resembles a Christmas tree.

First line of syncwine - title, topic, consisting of one word (usually a noun meaning the object or action in question).

Second line - two words. Adjectives. This is a description of the characteristics of an object or its properties, revealing the theme of syncwine.

Third line usually consists of three verbs or gerunds that describe the actions of the subject.

Fourth line is a phrase or sentence consisting of several words that reflect the personal attitude of the author of the syncwine to what is said in the text.

Fifth line - the last one. One word is a noun to express one’s feelings, associations associated with the subject discussed in the syncwine, that is, it is the author’s personal expression on the topic or a repetition of the essence, a synonym.

1. Watermelon

2. Round, delicious

3. Rolls, grows, matures

4. Watermelon is a big berry.

5. Summer

1. Kitten

2. Black, fluffy

3. Plays, sleeps, eats

4. He is my friend.

5. Pet.

1. Home

2. Big, beautiful

3. Protects and warms

4. Needed by all people.

5. Refuge

Sinkwine is one of the effective methods for developing the speech of preschoolers.

What is its effectiveness and significance? ?

Firstly , its simplicity. Anyone can make a cinquain.

Secondly , in composing a syncwine, every child can realize their creative and intellectual capabilities.

Sinkwine is a gaming technique.

Compiling a syncwine is used as the final task for the material covered.

Compiling a syncwine is used for reflection, analysis and synthesis of the information received.

Conclusions about syncwine.

Sinkwine - This is a French five-line poem, similar to Japanese poems.

Sinkwine helps to expand your vocabulary.

Sinkwine teaches short retelling.

Sinkwine teaches you to find and highlight the main idea in a large volume of information.

Writing a syncwine - the process is creative. This fun activity helps children express themselves through writing their own unrhymed poems.

Compose syncwine everyone succeeds.

Sinkwine helps develop speech and thinking.

Sinkwine facilitates the process of mastering concepts and their content.

Sinkwine - This is also a way of control and self-control (children can compare syncwines and evaluate them).

It is believed that cinquain arose based on the principles of creating eastern poetic forms. Initially, great importance was attached to the number of syllables in each line and the placement of stress. But in pedagogical practice, not much attention is paid to all this. The main emphasis is on the content and principles of construction of each line.

Rules for constructing syncwine

• First line poems are his theme. It is represented by just one word and always a noun.
• Second line consists of two words that reveal the main topic and describe it. These must be adjectives. The use of participles is allowed.
• IN third line, through the use of verbs or gerunds, actions related to the word that is the topic of the syncwine are described. The third line has three words.
• Fourth line- this is no longer a set of words, but a whole phrase with the help of which the component expresses its attitude to the topic. In this case, it can be either a sentence composed by the student independently, or a catchphrase, a proverb, a saying, a quote, an aphorism, necessarily in the context of the topic being revealed.
• Fifth line- just one word that represents a certain result, a summary. Most often it is simply a synonym for the theme of the poem.

When writing a syncwine in didactic practice, minor deviations from the basic rules for writing it are allowed. So, for example, the number of words in one or several lines and the replacement of given parts of speech with others can be varied.

As an example, here is a poem composed by children about this teaching method itself:

Sinkwine
Imaginative, precise
Generalizes, develops, teaches
“The power of speech lies in the ability to express a lot in a few words.”
Creation.

How to use syncwines in the classroom?

The topic chosen for compiling a syncwine should be close and interesting to students. Better results can be achieved if there is room for emotionality and sensuality.

Children do not always immediately get involved in work. Difficulties may be associated with the need for analysis, comprehension of the topic, insufficient vocabulary, misunderstanding of certain terms, and fear of making mistakes. To help the children, there is a need to ask leading questions, broaden their horizons, encourage any aspiration of the students, and answer the questions they have.

The main task of a teacher who uses the syncwine method in the classroom is the need to think through a clear system of logically interconnected elements, the embodiment of which in images will allow students to comprehend and remember the material of the subject.

How to teach children to write syncwine?

First of all, it is necessary to tell that syncwine is the desire to fit one’s knowledge, thoughts, feelings, emotions, associations into a short form, this is an opportunity to express one’s opinion regarding any issue, subject, event, phenomenon, which will be the main theme of the work . Then you need to explain the basic rules for writing a quintet, and give several examples for clarity. And only after this the teacher announces the topic, stipulating the time allotted for this work.

After completing the creative process, children, if desired, read out their poems. If the work was done, for example, as homework, the teacher can read out (or ask the author of the work to do so) the most interesting options. As an example, you can try to compose one general syncwine by writing it on the board. Work in pairs or groups is allowed. But individual work is considered the most effective, as it allows the teacher to understand the depth of understanding of the material by each student.

Areas of use

Sinkwine as a teaching method is universal. It can be applied to topics in any subject in the school curriculum. It allows students to become interested, helps them better understand and comprehend the material being studied. Composing a quintet is quite simple, so it can be used when working with children of any age.

Cinquain is a special poem that is the result of analysis and synthesis of existing or newly obtained data. It can be used at the challenge stage, when children, even before becoming familiar with a new topic, compose a poem based on the information that they currently know. This allows the teacher to understand what the children already know on this issue and will provide an opportunity to correct the information that needs to be conveyed to the children in order for them to correctly assimilate the material.

At the comprehension stage, writing a syncwine allows the teacher to evaluate how students understand the topic being studied, diversifies the learning process, and makes it more interesting, because a syncwine is also a game activity. In this case, the technique is a change of activity that contributes to some emotional relief for schoolchildren.

And you can use it on . A thought translated into an image allows the teacher to assess the level of understanding of the studied material by students. Sinkwine is considered a fast but very powerful reflection tool.

Compiling a syncwine is a creative activity and is more often used in the study of humanitarian subjects - literature, history. But in order to diversify the learning process and make it more interesting, you can use this technique in lessons, physics, for example. After familiarizing themselves with the topic “Light”, the teacher invites the children to compose a syncwine.

Answer using adjectives, what is he like? Bright, warm

Tell us, using verbs, what it does? It burns, illuminates, flickers.

Make up a sentence or phrase that expresses your attitude to the topic and is a kind of conclusion. People need it.

Summarize it in one word. Shine.

In natural history, you can invite children to write poems about the seasons.

Summer
Hot, fun
Walk, play, relax.
Look forward to.
Holidays!

Spring
Warm, bright

Nature is waking up.
Great!

Options for working with syncwine

In addition to the traditional compilation of syncwine, other types of work with pentaverses in the lesson are also possible.

Compose a story based on a completed poem. It is advisable, when composing it, to use the words and phrases used in the given syncwine.

Edit the finished syncwine in order to improve it.

Add syncwine. To do this, you need to analyze the given poem, identify the missing part and fill it in. For example, you might suggest a poem that doesn't have a theme. Using words that characterize and reveal it, students should understand what is being said:

Fleeting, fading
Runs, stops, heals
Amazing phenomenon
Life.

Children must determine that the theme of this syncwine is “Time.”

Advantages of the method

When compiling a syncwine in class:

• interest in the material being studied increases;
• imaginative thinking develops;
• students’ creative abilities develop;
• communication skills and the ability to express one’s thoughts succinctly and concisely are improved;
• thinking and imagination develops;
• the ability to analyze is developed;
• the time allocated for memorizing information is reduced;
• vocabulary expands.

Compiling a syncwine in class takes relatively little time, but at the same time it is an effective way to develop figurative speech, which helps to quickly obtain results.

In the course of working using this method, students are able not only to deepen their knowledge on any topic, but also to improve their ability to work independently with additional sources of information and plan their educational activities.

Examples of syncwines

In natural history, you can invite children to make syncwines about the seasons.

Summer
Hot, fun
Walk, play, relax.
Look forward to.
Holidays!

Spring
Warm, bright
Blooms, turns green, makes you happy.
Nature is waking up.
Great!

During a literature lesson, the teacher, as homework, asks the children to compose a syncwine about their favorite work. The result might look like this:

Nina
Smart and brave.
Travels, makes friends, wins.
I admire her.
We are talking about the book “Girl of the Sixth Moon” by Mooney Witcher.

You can invite children to write a syncwine about the sun:

Sun
Bright, distant
Warms, shines, makes us happy.
I love sun.
Life-giving star.

Sinkwine is the analysis and synthesis of information, a play on words. This is poetry that promotes creative self-development and beautiful expression of one's thoughts. This is a way of writing original and beautiful poems. That is why syncwine, as a teaching method, is becoming increasingly popular and is increasingly used in the educational process.

Cinquain is a special poem that consists of 5 lines. The time of its origin is considered to be the twentieth century, and its place is America. The main factor that influenced the formation of such verse is Japanese poetic creativity, the popularity of which at that time was very wide. It is not surprising that they learned about syncwine both in Russia and throughout the world. It turned out that this is a fairly effective method that promotes the development of figurative speech. It is known that such five-line poems were also composed on didactic topics.

The “pioneer” in the field of composing the classic cinquain was the poetess Adelaide Crapsey, who was also the inventor of this bizarre verse. As already mentioned, the basis for its creation were Japanese motifs. In 1914, Adelaide's syncwines were included in a collection of poems published after her death.

To compose a verse of this modification, you do not need to have any special skills. This is, first of all, free creativity, and in order to write a syncwine, you need to find the most basic elements of this information, and then draw a brief conclusion in a clear, concise form. Today, the practice of syncwines is widespread in the school curriculum. They are a good way to summarize the material studied in a literature lesson. As for other disciplines, this is an excellent exercise that replaces banal final assignments for generalizing and systematizing program material.

It is very simple to compose a syncwine for both a student and an adult, and, by the way, this feature makes it the shortest and most effective path to the overall development of a child, which contributes to the rapid formation of analytical abilities. The introduction of this type of work into school practice is also due to the fact that it takes much less time, but gives much more results. Thus, the material is absorbed faster and better, which is not possible with regular school essays.

Another advantage of syncwine over standard exercises is that it has a more strict framework, which allows you to express ideas clearly, concisely and concisely. And in order for the explanation to meet all these criteria, the student uses the entire arsenal of intellectual and creative abilities, ingenuity and, of course, imagination.

How to make Sinkwine

Sinquains, in turn, are classified into 2 subspecies:

• traditional, which also has several modifications:
  • back;
  • mirror;
  • cinquain butterfly and others.
• didactic.

The traditional one is based on the syllabic principle. It consists in the fact that the number of syllables in 5 lines of syncwine should be equal to 22.
The didactic syncwine is based on a semantic principle. Its diagram looks something like this:

• 1st line – the theme of the syncwine, expressed in 1 word (the name of the object, which will be discussed further);
• Line 2 - 2 words that characterize the object;
• Line 3 – 3 words describing the actions performed by the object;
• Line 4 – 4 words that make up a phrase, the semantics of which should reflect the author’s attitude towards the object;
• 5 - 1 word, a kind of summary-characteristic of the described object.

Examples of Synquains

Here is an example of a didactic syncwine:

Sun
Winter, unfaithful
Hiding, hunting, shooting
And only Man does not see
Sight.

The curriculum today is strikingly different from previous ones and every year it acquires new features. All these innovations sometimes amaze the parents of modern schoolchildren. But, if high school students at least independently master the new standards, then parents of primary school students have nowhere to go: they get used to the requirements together with their children, sometimes mastering them in practice.

One of these innovations was the writing of syncwines. An obscure word with a French flair forced moms and dads to activate their literary abilities while doing homework, but writing syncwines is often asked in class lessons. Therefore, one way or another, you need to explain to your child how to write a syncwine, and at the same time comprehend this poetic form yourself. Fortunately, writing syncwines is not as difficult a job as it might seem. Upon closer examination, it turns out that this is quite logical and therefore accessible to understanding and mastery.

What is syncwine? Shape and features of syncwine
Cinquain is the name of a form of poetry, and (at this point it is easy to imagine the relieved sigh of schoolchildren and their relatives) which does not imply the presence of rhyme. It was invented by the American poet Adelaide Crapsey, who was passionate about Japanese tanka and haiku poetry. And, apparently, in order to complete the internationality of her brainchild, she named the literary form in the French manner: cinquain, that is, consisting of five elements. These five elements, as you might guess, are lines - in syncwine there are actually exactly five of them, and each carries a specific function and semantic load. True, the classic syncwine is slightly different from the didactic syncwine used in speech development lessons:

1. Classic syncwine implies strict adherence not only to the number of lines, but also to the syllables in them. The 22 syllables of the classic syncwine are distributed along the lines according to the pattern: 2-4-6-8-2. Based on it, poets have created several variations, each of which plays on the rules of creating a syncwine in its own way: reverse syncwine, mirror syncwine, butterfly cinquain, crown of syncwine and even a garland of syncwine. These literary games concern the number of syllables, their combination and the form of stanzas, but retain the basic principle of five lines.
   
2. Didactic syncwine was invented by American teachers, and in the late 1990s it appeared in our school curriculum. Unlike a traditional poetic work, in a didactic cinquain the form is less important than the content. Therefore, maintaining the number of syllables and words in lines is not necessary. The main thing is that five lines contain a figurative description of an object or phenomenon, the theme of the poem.
   

1. In the first line, one word indicates the theme of the syncwine - it can be any subject/object/phenomenon named in one word. You can use a noun or pronoun., contains a single word (usually a noun or pronoun) that designates the object or thing that is being discussed.
   
2. The second line already describes in a nutshell the topic outlined in the previous line. A simple description of the actual properties of the object is sufficient, for which adjectives and/or participles can be used.
   
3. The third line talks about the abilities that the object from the first line has - the actions that it performs. Three words are used: verbs and/or gerunds, but more words can be used if necessary.
   
4. In the fourth line, the author no longer expresses an objective perception of the topic, but his subjective attitude towards it. Ideally, it should be fit into four words - the most difficult and most interesting part of any syncwine.
   
5. In the fifth line, only one word is written again, summing up - this is a certain conclusion that is drawn from all the information in the previous four lines and laconically expresses the essence of the topic, as if closing it and looping the meaning of the text.
   

Rules for compiling a syncven: instructions
Most teachers admit that soon after their first acquaintance with a new form of assignments, schoolchildren overcome uncertainty in the face of unfamiliar requirements and perceive syncwines literally “with a bang,” receiving not only benefit from their preparation, but also pleasure. To make writing a syncwine easier, choose an interesting topic - one that arouses sincere enthusiasm in the child. You can combine business with pleasure and use a character from your favorite book or cartoon as this. The child definitely knows enough about it, and besides, there will be no problems with his own attitude towards the object. Over time, when the basic principle is understood and writing a syncwine becomes easier, it will be possible to use other topics assigned by the teacher. In the meantime, learn to write syncwine line by line like this:

1. Line No. 1: Write one word that will be both the theme and title of the piece. For example: Batman.
   
2. Line No. 2: Write two words describing the character. For example: Strong and brave.
   
3. Line No. 3: Write three verbs that convey the character's activities. For example: Helps, saves, fights evil. Please note that here, instead of the third verb, a phrase is used that is quite suitable in meaning - which is a priority when composing a didactic syncwine. Therefore, do not limit your imagination for the sake of formality.
   
4. Line No. 4: Write what emotions and feelings the character evokes. For example: I want to be like him. Sometimes it is convenient to use a set expression or phraseological unit as the fourth line. For example, in this case the aphorism “The city takes courage” is suitable. Most likely, the teacher will appreciate the student's knowledge of popular expressions.
   
5. Line No. 5: Write one word that matches the topic and your attitude towards it. How would you describe the character? For example: Hero.
   

Strong and brave.

Helps, saves, fights evil.

I want to be like him.

Well, show me a boy who won’t get carried away by composing such a text?! For girls, you can take the cinquain theme as Disney princesses, favorite actresses, sweets, etc. The main thing is that the child shows his own creative abilities and finds ideas and words on his own. At the same time, syncwine makes it possible to develop other related skills: explaining your thoughts to others, defending your point of view, finding compromises and working collectively. These abilities can be useful if writing a syncwine is difficult for a child at first. Then you can, together with an adult or another child, try a different way of completing the task. Let everyone write their own syncwine on the same topic, and then show their work to their partner. Together they will choose the most successful lines from each and compose them into a new, common work. In the process of such creativity, horizons broaden, ideas and opinions are exchanged, which is also very important for the development of speech and analytical abilities in children. But this alone is not enough to include a new form of work in the training program. Synquains bring much more benefits to all participants in the educational process.

Why do you need syncwine?
Both literary critics and teachers agree on one thing: syncwine is a manifestation of creative self-expression and reveals not only the artistic potential of the writer and the theme of the work itself, but also gradually makes it possible to understand the poet’s attitude to what he writes about. It was this aspect that interested teachers so much that it prompted them to include the creation of syncwines in the school curriculum. Sinkwine as a teaching tool turned out to be a really very convenient way both for mastering and testing the linguistic abilities and knowledge of primary school students. And it has taken root in the school curriculum thanks to a combination of such functions:

• development of imaginative thinking;
  
• expansion of vocabulary;
  
• acquiring the skill of analyzing complex information;
  
• acquiring the skill of identifying the main thing from the mass of information;
  
• development of the ability to formulate and draw conclusions;
  
• for the teacher to assess the student’s vocabulary and knowledge.